1,683 research outputs found
Crisis in the IS Field? A Critical Reflection on the State of the Discipline
This paper explores the issue of whether the field of IS is in crisis. To do so, the paper first starts by looking back on where the field has come from. Next, it assesses the status of the IS field by exploring where the field is now. That our current status remains a ÂĄÂźfragmented adhocracyÂĄÂŻ suggests the field may indeed be in crisis or headed for a crisis. This is compounded by the fact that there are two different views on the state of the IS field, each posing its own set of threats. One is the external view of the community (the view of IS from outside the academic field); the other is the internal view (the view from inside the IS community). By analyzing these two views, a better understanding of the problems the field faces emerges. In the next part of the paper, some thoughts are presented on where might the field go from here for overcoming its internal communication deficit. The paper proposes four different types of knowledge for structuring an IS Body of Knowledge (BoK) and following on from that, the value of creating a common BoK for the field. Lastly, the implications arising from the paperÂĄÂŻs analysis are explored. More specifically, the paper considers various options that are available for overcoming the internal communications deficit the IS field faces. These include changing the way the field thinks about generalizations, changing the institutional publication practices, focusing more on understanding the fieldÂĄÂŻs organizational stakeholders, and developing new knowledge creation and transformation networks. If IS as a field can overcome its internal communications deficits, it might ultimately contribute to the societal challenge of developing a deliberative cyber democracy and thereby help to address the social communication deficit which is a feature of modern mass societies
Reflective System Development: A Significant Step Towards Building a Cumulative Tradition in IS Research on Systems Development?
abstract not available
A Glorious and Not-So-Short History of the Information Systems Field
In this paper, the more than 40-year history of the information systems discipline is discussed by dividing history into four somewhat overlapping eras. For each era, important events that occurred are highlighted. The events are categorized as âmanagement/governance of the IS functionâ, âtechnologyâ, âresearch themesâ, âresearch methodologyâ, âeducationâ, and âinfrastructureâ (organizations, conferences, journals, etc.). The paper then speculates on what the value would be if the IS community were to adopt a shared history. The paper contends that such a shared history would be effective in helping to bridge the communication gaps that exist between the different sub-communities that make up the discipline
From eHertitage to Interpretive Archaeology Systems (IAS): A Research Framework for Evaluating Cultural Heritage Communication in the Digital Age
The principal purpose of this paper is to examine which research approaches are best suited for determining the requirements of the next generation of interactive interpretation support systems for cultural heritage site. We are optimistic that such systems if properly designed to exploit the potential of advanced information and communication technologies (ICTs), can not only meet, but even exceed visitor-user expectations. The research framework proposed to achieve this ideal integrates insights from both Interpretive Archaeology and interpretive IS research. We call the application of ICTâs in systems for communicating cultural heritage information âe-Heritage Systems or e-HS. We define âInterpretive Archaeology Systemsâ(IAS) as a subclass of e-HS, the design of which is informed by hermeneutics and phenomenology, Therefore, the principal purpose of the paper is to promote a shift from e-HS to IAS. To illustrate the fruitfulness of our preferred approach for IAS requirements identification, we derive a set of criteria from our research philosophy and apply them to the evaluation of an existing e-HS: the ARCHEOGUIDE in Olympia
modeling for CIM information systems architecture definition: An information engineering case study
Many fundamental problems exist in the development and implementation of computer-integrated manufacturing information systems: for example, lack of integration, islands of automation, sub-optimization of resources, inability to migrate to future technology. Moreover, few methodologies have been developed for dealing with these issues. In this paper we outline an information engineering approach to plan, design and implement this class information systems, which addresses many of the fundamental problems.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/30321/1/0000723.pd
Signatures in a Giant Radio Galaxy of a Cosmological Shock Wave at Intersecting Filaments of Galaxies
Sensitive images of low-level, Mpc-sized radio cocoons offer new
opportunities to probe large scale intergalactic gas flows outside clusters of
galaxies. New radio images of high surface brightness sensitivity at
strategically chosen wavelengths of the giant radio galaxy NGC 315 (Mack et al.
1997,1998) reveal significant asymmetries and particularities in the
morphology, radio spectrum and polarization of the ejected radio plasma. We
argue that the combination of these signatures provides a sensitive probe of an
environmental shock wave. Analysis of optical redshifts in NGC 315 vicinity
confirms its location to be near, or at a site of large-scale flow collisions
in the 100 Mpc sized Pisces-Perseus Supercluster region. NGC 315 resides at the
intersection of several galaxy filaments, and its radio plasma serves there as
a `weather station' (Burns 1998) probing the flow of the elusive and previously
invisible IGM gas. If our interpretation is correct, this is the first
indication for a shock wave in flows caused by the cosmological large scale
structure formation, which is located in a filament of galaxies. The
possibility that the putative shock wave is a source of gamma-rays and ultra
high energy cosmic rays is briefly discussed.Comment: accepted by Astrophysical Journal Letters, 4 pages, 3 figures (incl.
2 color), uses emulateapj5.sty (included), aastex.sty (included) and
psfig.st
Discovery of a large and bright bow shock nebula associated with low mass X-ray binary SAX J1712.6-3739
In a multiwavelength program dedicated to identifying optical counterparts of
faint persistent X-ray sources in the Galactic Bulge, we find an accurate X-ray
position of SAX J1712.6-3739 through Chandra observations, and discover its
faint optical counterpart using our data from EFOSC2 on the ESO 3.6m telescope.
We find this source to be a highly extincted neutron star LMXB with blue
optical colours. We serendipitously discover a relatively bright and large bow
shock shaped nebula in our deep narrowband H alpha imaging, most likely
associated with the X-ray binary. A nebula like this has never been observed
before in association with a LMXB, and as such provides a unique laboratory to
study the energetics of accretion and jets. We put forward different models to
explain the possible ways the LMXB may form this nebulosity, and outline how
they can be confirmed observationally.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS-Letters; 5 pages, 4 figures, 2
tables. Quality of figure 2 downgraded because of arXiv file size limit
Long term variability of Cygnus X-1, III. Radio-X-ray correlations
Long time scale radio-X-ray correlations in black holes during the hard state
have been found in many sources and there seems to emerge a universal
underlying relationship which quantitatively describes this behavior. Although
it would appear only natural to detect short term emission patterns in the
X-ray and - with a certain time lag - in the radio, there has been little
evidence for this up to now. The most prominent source for radio-X-ray
correlations on short time scales (minutes) so far remains GRS 1915+105 where a
single mass ejection could be detected successively in the X-ray, IR, and radio
wavebands. We analyze a database of more than 4 years of simultaneous
radio-X-ray data for Cygnus X-1 from the Ryle Telescope and RXTE PCA/HEXTE. We
confirm the existence of a radio-X-ray correlation on long time scales,
especially at hard energies. We show that apparent correlations on short time
scales in the lightcurves of Cygnus X-1 are most likely the coincidental
outcome of white noise statistics. Interpreting this result as a breakdown of
radio-X-ray correlations on shorter time scales, this sets a limit to the speed
of the jet.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&
Holographic phase diagram of quark-gluon plasma formed in heavy-ions collisions
The phase diagram of quark gluon plasma (QGP) formed at a very early stage
just after the heavy ion collision is obtained by using a holographic dual
model for the heavy ion collision. In this dual model colliding ions are
described by the charged shock gravitational waves. Points on the phase diagram
correspond to the QGP or hadronic matter with given temperatures and chemical
potentials. The phase of QGP in dual terms is related to the case when the
collision of shock waves leads to formation of trapped surface. Hadronic matter
and other confined states correspond to the absence of trapped surface after
collision.
Multiplicity of the ion collision process is estimated in the dual language
as area of the trapped surface. We show that a non-zero chemical potential
reduces the multiplicity. To plot the phase diagram we use two different dual
models of colliding ions, the point and the wall shock waves, and find
qualitative agreement of the results.Comment: 33 pages, 14 figures, typos correcte
Principles of meiotic chromosome assembly revealed in S. cerevisiae
During meiotic prophase, chromosomes organise into a series of chromatin loops emanating from a proteinaceous axis, but the mechanisms of assembly remain unclear. Here we use Saccharomyces cerevisiae to explore how this elaborate three-dimensional chromosome organisation is linked to genomic sequence. As cells enter meiosis, we observe that strong cohesin-dependent grid-like Hi-C interaction patterns emerge, reminiscent of mammalian interphase organisation, but with distinct regulation. Meiotic patterns agree with simulations of loop extrusion with growth limited by barriers, in which a heterogeneous population of expanding loops develop along the chromosome. Importantly, CTCF, the factor that imposes similar features in mammalian interphase, is absent in S. cerevisiae, suggesting alternative mechanisms of barrier formation. While grid-like interactions emerge independently of meiotic chromosome synapsis, synapsis itself generates additional compaction that matures differentially according to telomere proximity and chromosome size. Collectively, our results elucidate fundamental principles of chromosome assembly and demonstrate the essential role of cohesin within this evolutionarily conserved process
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